Population-based outpatient antimicrobial use in Newfoundland and Labrador: a retrospective descriptive study

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Figure 1:
Study flow diagram. Note: NLCHI = Newfoundland and Labrador Centre for Health Information.
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Figure 2:
Antimicrobial prescriptions per 1000 population per year (age- and sex-standardized). Each point on the x-axis represents 1 calendar year (i.e., June–June).
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Figure 3:
Top 5 antimicrobials by age- and sex-standardized defined daily dose (DDD) per 1000 population per year.
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Figure 4:
Antimicrobial prescriptions per 1000 population per year for (A) males and (B) females by age category. *Each point on the x-axis represents 1 calendar year (i.e., June–June).
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Figure 5:
Map of antimicrobial use (age- and sex-standardized defined daily dose [DDD] per 1000 population per year), stratified by forward sortation area.
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Figure 6:
Antimicrobial prescriptions per year by decile of prescribers.
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Figure 7:
Age- and sex-standardized defined daily dose (DDD) per 1000 population per year of antimicrobial prescriptions by class. *Each point on the x-axis represents 1 calendar year (i.e., June–June).

Table 1:

Patient demographic characteristics

Characteristic	No. (%) of patients* n = 394 708
No. of prescriptions	1 586 534
Gender
Male	154 726 (39.2)
Female	239 982 (60.8)
Age, yr, mean ± SD	47.7 ± 23.6
Duration of therapy, yr, mean ± SD	10.4 ± 11.9
Duration of therapy, yr, median (IQR)	7.00 (7.00–10.00)
Insurance
Provincial drug program	103 414 (26.2)
Other	291 294 (73.8)
Admitted to long-term care facility	7105 (1.8)
No. of prescribers	3431