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Hepatitis C virus infection in First Nations populations in Ontario from 2006 to 2014: a population-based retrospective cohort analysis

Andrew Mendlowitz, Karen E. Bremner, Jennifer D. Walker, William W.L. Wong, Jordan J. Feld, Beate Sander, Lyndia Jones, Wanrudee Isaranuwatchai and Murray Krahn
September 28, 2021 9 (3) E886-E896; DOI: https://doi.org/10.9778/cmajo.20200164
Andrew Mendlowitz
Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Mendlowitz, Sander, Isaranuwatchai, Krahn), University of Toronto; Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment (THETA) Collaborative (Mendlowitz, Bremner, Sander, Krahn), University Health Network; ICES Central (Mendlowitz, Walker, Sander, Krahn), Toronto, Ont.; School of Rural and Northern Health (Walker), Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ont.; School of Pharmacy (Wong), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Toronto Centre for Liver Disease (Feld), Toronto General Hospital; Public Health Ontario (Sander), Toronto, Ont.; Ontario First Nations HIV/AIDS Education Circle (Jones), London, Ont.; St. Michael’s Hospital (Isaranuwatchai), Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
PhD MBiotech
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Karen E. Bremner
Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Mendlowitz, Sander, Isaranuwatchai, Krahn), University of Toronto; Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment (THETA) Collaborative (Mendlowitz, Bremner, Sander, Krahn), University Health Network; ICES Central (Mendlowitz, Walker, Sander, Krahn), Toronto, Ont.; School of Rural and Northern Health (Walker), Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ont.; School of Pharmacy (Wong), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Toronto Centre for Liver Disease (Feld), Toronto General Hospital; Public Health Ontario (Sander), Toronto, Ont.; Ontario First Nations HIV/AIDS Education Circle (Jones), London, Ont.; St. Michael’s Hospital (Isaranuwatchai), Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
BSc
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Jennifer D. Walker
Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Mendlowitz, Sander, Isaranuwatchai, Krahn), University of Toronto; Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment (THETA) Collaborative (Mendlowitz, Bremner, Sander, Krahn), University Health Network; ICES Central (Mendlowitz, Walker, Sander, Krahn), Toronto, Ont.; School of Rural and Northern Health (Walker), Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ont.; School of Pharmacy (Wong), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Toronto Centre for Liver Disease (Feld), Toronto General Hospital; Public Health Ontario (Sander), Toronto, Ont.; Ontario First Nations HIV/AIDS Education Circle (Jones), London, Ont.; St. Michael’s Hospital (Isaranuwatchai), Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
PhD
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William W.L. Wong
Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Mendlowitz, Sander, Isaranuwatchai, Krahn), University of Toronto; Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment (THETA) Collaborative (Mendlowitz, Bremner, Sander, Krahn), University Health Network; ICES Central (Mendlowitz, Walker, Sander, Krahn), Toronto, Ont.; School of Rural and Northern Health (Walker), Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ont.; School of Pharmacy (Wong), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Toronto Centre for Liver Disease (Feld), Toronto General Hospital; Public Health Ontario (Sander), Toronto, Ont.; Ontario First Nations HIV/AIDS Education Circle (Jones), London, Ont.; St. Michael’s Hospital (Isaranuwatchai), Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
PhD
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Jordan J. Feld
Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Mendlowitz, Sander, Isaranuwatchai, Krahn), University of Toronto; Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment (THETA) Collaborative (Mendlowitz, Bremner, Sander, Krahn), University Health Network; ICES Central (Mendlowitz, Walker, Sander, Krahn), Toronto, Ont.; School of Rural and Northern Health (Walker), Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ont.; School of Pharmacy (Wong), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Toronto Centre for Liver Disease (Feld), Toronto General Hospital; Public Health Ontario (Sander), Toronto, Ont.; Ontario First Nations HIV/AIDS Education Circle (Jones), London, Ont.; St. Michael’s Hospital (Isaranuwatchai), Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
MD MPH
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Beate Sander
Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Mendlowitz, Sander, Isaranuwatchai, Krahn), University of Toronto; Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment (THETA) Collaborative (Mendlowitz, Bremner, Sander, Krahn), University Health Network; ICES Central (Mendlowitz, Walker, Sander, Krahn), Toronto, Ont.; School of Rural and Northern Health (Walker), Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ont.; School of Pharmacy (Wong), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Toronto Centre for Liver Disease (Feld), Toronto General Hospital; Public Health Ontario (Sander), Toronto, Ont.; Ontario First Nations HIV/AIDS Education Circle (Jones), London, Ont.; St. Michael’s Hospital (Isaranuwatchai), Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
PhD
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Lyndia Jones
Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Mendlowitz, Sander, Isaranuwatchai, Krahn), University of Toronto; Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment (THETA) Collaborative (Mendlowitz, Bremner, Sander, Krahn), University Health Network; ICES Central (Mendlowitz, Walker, Sander, Krahn), Toronto, Ont.; School of Rural and Northern Health (Walker), Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ont.; School of Pharmacy (Wong), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Toronto Centre for Liver Disease (Feld), Toronto General Hospital; Public Health Ontario (Sander), Toronto, Ont.; Ontario First Nations HIV/AIDS Education Circle (Jones), London, Ont.; St. Michael’s Hospital (Isaranuwatchai), Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
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Wanrudee Isaranuwatchai
Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Mendlowitz, Sander, Isaranuwatchai, Krahn), University of Toronto; Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment (THETA) Collaborative (Mendlowitz, Bremner, Sander, Krahn), University Health Network; ICES Central (Mendlowitz, Walker, Sander, Krahn), Toronto, Ont.; School of Rural and Northern Health (Walker), Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ont.; School of Pharmacy (Wong), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Toronto Centre for Liver Disease (Feld), Toronto General Hospital; Public Health Ontario (Sander), Toronto, Ont.; Ontario First Nations HIV/AIDS Education Circle (Jones), London, Ont.; St. Michael’s Hospital (Isaranuwatchai), Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
PhD
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Murray Krahn
Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Mendlowitz, Sander, Isaranuwatchai, Krahn), University of Toronto; Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment (THETA) Collaborative (Mendlowitz, Bremner, Sander, Krahn), University Health Network; ICES Central (Mendlowitz, Walker, Sander, Krahn), Toronto, Ont.; School of Rural and Northern Health (Walker), Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ont.; School of Pharmacy (Wong), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Toronto Centre for Liver Disease (Feld), Toronto General Hospital; Public Health Ontario (Sander), Toronto, Ont.; Ontario First Nations HIV/AIDS Education Circle (Jones), London, Ont.; St. Michael’s Hospital (Isaranuwatchai), Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
MD MSc
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Data supplements

  • Online appendices

    Files in this Data Supplement:

    • Appendix 1: Administrative datasets used for this study and held at ICES
    • Appendix 2: Detailed description of each characteristic
    • Appendix 3: Raw and crude data for testing, incidence, and prevalence calculations
    • Reviewer comments
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    • Original submission

Related Articles

  • Mendlowitz, A., Bremner, K. E., Walker, J. D., Wong, W. W., Feld, J. J., Sander, B., Jones, L., Isaranuwatchai, W., & Krahn, M. (2021). Health care costs associated with hepatitis C virus infection in First Nations populations in Ontario: a retrospective matched cohort study. Canadian Medical Association Open Access Journal, 9(3), E897-E906. Accessed August 29, 2025. https://doi.org/10.9778/cmajo.20200247.
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CMAJ Open: 9 (3)
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Hepatitis C virus infection in First Nations populations in Ontario from 2006 to 2014: a population-based retrospective cohort analysis
Andrew Mendlowitz, Karen E. Bremner, Jennifer D. Walker, William W.L. Wong, Jordan J. Feld, Beate Sander, Lyndia Jones, Wanrudee Isaranuwatchai, Murray Krahn
Jul 2021, 9 (3) E886-E896; DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20200164

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Hepatitis C virus infection in First Nations populations in Ontario from 2006 to 2014: a population-based retrospective cohort analysis
Andrew Mendlowitz, Karen E. Bremner, Jennifer D. Walker, William W.L. Wong, Jordan J. Feld, Beate Sander, Lyndia Jones, Wanrudee Isaranuwatchai, Murray Krahn
Jul 2021, 9 (3) E886-E896; DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20200164
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