Heterogeneity in testing, diagnosis and outcome in SARS-CoV-2 infection across outbreak settings in the Greater Toronto Area, Canada: an observational study

MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Wang, Ma, Yiu, Landsman, Luong, Hwang, Mishra), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto; ICES (Calzavara, Kwong); Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (Chan, Mishra), University of Toronto; Division of Infectious Diseases (Chan), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra), University of Toronto; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology (Boily), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Division of General Internal Medicine (Hwang), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Department of Medicine (Straus), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Bloomberg School of Public Health (Baral), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.

MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Wang, Ma, Yiu, Landsman, Luong, Hwang, Mishra), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto; ICES (Calzavara, Kwong); Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (Chan, Mishra), University of Toronto; Division of Infectious Diseases (Chan), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra), University of Toronto; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology (Boily), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Division of General Internal Medicine (Hwang), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Department of Medicine (Straus), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Bloomberg School of Public Health (Baral), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.

MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Wang, Ma, Yiu, Landsman, Luong, Hwang, Mishra), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto; ICES (Calzavara, Kwong); Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (Chan, Mishra), University of Toronto; Division of Infectious Diseases (Chan), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra), University of Toronto; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology (Boily), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Division of General Internal Medicine (Hwang), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Department of Medicine (Straus), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Bloomberg School of Public Health (Baral), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.

MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Wang, Ma, Yiu, Landsman, Luong, Hwang, Mishra), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto; ICES (Calzavara, Kwong); Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (Chan, Mishra), University of Toronto; Division of Infectious Diseases (Chan), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra), University of Toronto; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology (Boily), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Division of General Internal Medicine (Hwang), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Department of Medicine (Straus), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Bloomberg School of Public Health (Baral), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.

MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Wang, Ma, Yiu, Landsman, Luong, Hwang, Mishra), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto; ICES (Calzavara, Kwong); Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (Chan, Mishra), University of Toronto; Division of Infectious Diseases (Chan), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra), University of Toronto; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology (Boily), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Division of General Internal Medicine (Hwang), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Department of Medicine (Straus), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Bloomberg School of Public Health (Baral), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.

MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Wang, Ma, Yiu, Landsman, Luong, Hwang, Mishra), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto; ICES (Calzavara, Kwong); Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (Chan, Mishra), University of Toronto; Division of Infectious Diseases (Chan), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra), University of Toronto; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology (Boily), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Division of General Internal Medicine (Hwang), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Department of Medicine (Straus), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Bloomberg School of Public Health (Baral), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.

MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Wang, Ma, Yiu, Landsman, Luong, Hwang, Mishra), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto; ICES (Calzavara, Kwong); Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (Chan, Mishra), University of Toronto; Division of Infectious Diseases (Chan), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra), University of Toronto; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology (Boily), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Division of General Internal Medicine (Hwang), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Department of Medicine (Straus), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Bloomberg School of Public Health (Baral), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.

MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Wang, Ma, Yiu, Landsman, Luong, Hwang, Mishra), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto; ICES (Calzavara, Kwong); Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (Chan, Mishra), University of Toronto; Division of Infectious Diseases (Chan), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra), University of Toronto; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology (Boily), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Division of General Internal Medicine (Hwang), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Department of Medicine (Straus), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Bloomberg School of Public Health (Baral), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.

MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Wang, Ma, Yiu, Landsman, Luong, Hwang, Mishra), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto; ICES (Calzavara, Kwong); Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (Chan, Mishra), University of Toronto; Division of Infectious Diseases (Chan), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra), University of Toronto; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology (Boily), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Division of General Internal Medicine (Hwang), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Department of Medicine (Straus), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Bloomberg School of Public Health (Baral), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.

MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Wang, Ma, Yiu, Landsman, Luong, Hwang, Mishra), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto; ICES (Calzavara, Kwong); Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (Chan, Mishra), University of Toronto; Division of Infectious Diseases (Chan), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra), University of Toronto; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology (Boily), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Division of General Internal Medicine (Hwang), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Department of Medicine (Straus), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Bloomberg School of Public Health (Baral), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.

MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Wang, Ma, Yiu, Landsman, Luong, Hwang, Mishra), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto; ICES (Calzavara, Kwong); Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (Chan, Mishra), University of Toronto; Division of Infectious Diseases (Chan), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra), University of Toronto; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology (Boily), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Division of General Internal Medicine (Hwang), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Department of Medicine (Straus), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Bloomberg School of Public Health (Baral), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.

MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Wang, Ma, Yiu, Landsman, Luong, Hwang, Mishra), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto; ICES (Calzavara, Kwong); Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (Chan, Mishra), University of Toronto; Division of Infectious Diseases (Chan), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra), University of Toronto; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology (Boily), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Division of General Internal Medicine (Hwang), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Department of Medicine (Straus), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Bloomberg School of Public Health (Baral), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.

MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Wang, Ma, Yiu, Landsman, Luong, Hwang, Mishra), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto; ICES (Calzavara, Kwong); Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (Chan, Mishra), University of Toronto; Division of Infectious Diseases (Chan), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra), University of Toronto; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology (Boily), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Division of General Internal Medicine (Hwang), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Department of Medicine (Straus), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Bloomberg School of Public Health (Baral), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.

MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Wang, Ma, Yiu, Landsman, Luong, Hwang, Mishra), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto; ICES (Calzavara, Kwong); Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (Chan, Mishra), University of Toronto; Division of Infectious Diseases (Chan), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra), University of Toronto; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology (Boily), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Division of General Internal Medicine (Hwang), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Department of Medicine (Straus), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Bloomberg School of Public Health (Baral), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.