A qualitative exploration of Indigenous patients’ experiences of racism and perspectives on improving cultural safety within health care

Interdisciplinary Studies Graduate Program (Pilarinos), University of British Columbia; Indigenous Health (Pilarinos, Field, Bonshor, Bingham), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority, Vancouver, BC; Faculty of Health Sciences (Vasarhelyi), Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC; Department of Family and Community Practice (Vasarhelyi, Hall), Vancouver Coastal Health; Faculty of Medicine (Hall, Bingham), University of British Columbia; Xʷməθkʷəy̓əm (Musqueam) First Nation (Fox), Vancouver, BC; Snuneymuxw First Nation (Price), Nanaimo, BC; Cowichan First Nation (Price), Lake Cowichan, BC

Interdisciplinary Studies Graduate Program (Pilarinos), University of British Columbia; Indigenous Health (Pilarinos, Field, Bonshor, Bingham), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority, Vancouver, BC; Faculty of Health Sciences (Vasarhelyi), Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC; Department of Family and Community Practice (Vasarhelyi, Hall), Vancouver Coastal Health; Faculty of Medicine (Hall, Bingham), University of British Columbia; Xʷməθkʷəy̓əm (Musqueam) First Nation (Fox), Vancouver, BC; Snuneymuxw First Nation (Price), Nanaimo, BC; Cowichan First Nation (Price), Lake Cowichan, BC

Interdisciplinary Studies Graduate Program (Pilarinos), University of British Columbia; Indigenous Health (Pilarinos, Field, Bonshor, Bingham), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority, Vancouver, BC; Faculty of Health Sciences (Vasarhelyi), Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC; Department of Family and Community Practice (Vasarhelyi, Hall), Vancouver Coastal Health; Faculty of Medicine (Hall, Bingham), University of British Columbia; Xʷməθkʷəy̓əm (Musqueam) First Nation (Fox), Vancouver, BC; Snuneymuxw First Nation (Price), Nanaimo, BC; Cowichan First Nation (Price), Lake Cowichan, BC

Interdisciplinary Studies Graduate Program (Pilarinos), University of British Columbia; Indigenous Health (Pilarinos, Field, Bonshor, Bingham), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority, Vancouver, BC; Faculty of Health Sciences (Vasarhelyi), Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC; Department of Family and Community Practice (Vasarhelyi, Hall), Vancouver Coastal Health; Faculty of Medicine (Hall, Bingham), University of British Columbia; Xʷməθkʷəy̓əm (Musqueam) First Nation (Fox), Vancouver, BC; Snuneymuxw First Nation (Price), Nanaimo, BC; Cowichan First Nation (Price), Lake Cowichan, BC

Interdisciplinary Studies Graduate Program (Pilarinos), University of British Columbia; Indigenous Health (Pilarinos, Field, Bonshor, Bingham), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority, Vancouver, BC; Faculty of Health Sciences (Vasarhelyi), Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC; Department of Family and Community Practice (Vasarhelyi, Hall), Vancouver Coastal Health; Faculty of Medicine (Hall, Bingham), University of British Columbia; Xʷməθkʷəy̓əm (Musqueam) First Nation (Fox), Vancouver, BC; Snuneymuxw First Nation (Price), Nanaimo, BC; Cowichan First Nation (Price), Lake Cowichan, BC

Interdisciplinary Studies Graduate Program (Pilarinos), University of British Columbia; Indigenous Health (Pilarinos, Field, Bonshor, Bingham), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority, Vancouver, BC; Faculty of Health Sciences (Vasarhelyi), Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC; Department of Family and Community Practice (Vasarhelyi, Hall), Vancouver Coastal Health; Faculty of Medicine (Hall, Bingham), University of British Columbia; Xʷməθkʷəy̓əm (Musqueam) First Nation (Fox), Vancouver, BC; Snuneymuxw First Nation (Price), Nanaimo, BC; Cowichan First Nation (Price), Lake Cowichan, BC

Interdisciplinary Studies Graduate Program (Pilarinos), University of British Columbia; Indigenous Health (Pilarinos, Field, Bonshor, Bingham), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority, Vancouver, BC; Faculty of Health Sciences (Vasarhelyi), Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC; Department of Family and Community Practice (Vasarhelyi, Hall), Vancouver Coastal Health; Faculty of Medicine (Hall, Bingham), University of British Columbia; Xʷməθkʷəy̓əm (Musqueam) First Nation (Fox), Vancouver, BC; Snuneymuxw First Nation (Price), Nanaimo, BC; Cowichan First Nation (Price), Lake Cowichan, BC

Interdisciplinary Studies Graduate Program (Pilarinos), University of British Columbia; Indigenous Health (Pilarinos, Field, Bonshor, Bingham), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority, Vancouver, BC; Faculty of Health Sciences (Vasarhelyi), Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC; Department of Family and Community Practice (Vasarhelyi, Hall), Vancouver Coastal Health; Faculty of Medicine (Hall, Bingham), University of British Columbia; Xʷməθkʷəy̓əm (Musqueam) First Nation (Fox), Vancouver, BC; Snuneymuxw First Nation (Price), Nanaimo, BC; Cowichan First Nation (Price), Lake Cowichan, BC