Characteristics of people from Ontario, Canada, with and without HIV infection at cohort entry, 1996–2020
| Characteristic | No. (%) of people* | Standardized difference† | |
|---|---|---|---|
| With HIV infection n = 20 304 | Without HIV infection n = 20 304 | ||
| Age, median (IQR), yr‡ | 37 (30–45) | 37 (30–45) | 0 |
| Age category‡ | |||
| 18–29 | 4878 (24.0) | 4875 (24.0) | 0 |
| 30–39 | 7372 (36.3) | 7338 (36.1) | 0 |
| 40–49 | 4937 (24.3) | 4959 (24.4) | 0 |
| 50–59 | 2079 (10.2) | 2094 (10.3) | 0 |
| 60–69 | 660 (3.2) | 672 (3.3) | 0 |
| 70–79 | 243 (1.2) | 230 (1.1) | 0.01 |
| ≥ 80 | 135 (0.7) | 136 (0.7) | 0 |
| Sex‡ | |||
| Female | 4396 (21.6) | 4396 (21.6) | 0 |
| Male | 15 908 (78.3) | 15 908 (78.3) | 0 |
| Period of cohort entry‡ | |||
| 1996–1999 | 3532 (17.4) | 3534 (17.4) | 0 |
| 2000–2003 | 3071 (15.1) | 3074 (15.1) | 0 |
| 2004–2007 | 3314 (16.3) | 3305 (16.3) | 0 |
| 2008–2011 | 3305 (16.3) | 3305 (16.3) | 0 |
| 2012–2015 | 3330 (16.4) | 3338 (16.4) | 0 |
| 2016–2020 | 3752 (18.5) | 3748 (18.5) | 0 |
| Neighbourhood income quintile‡ | |||
| 1 (lowest) | 6872 (33.8) | 6872 (33.8) | 0 |
| 2 | 4486 (22.1) | 4486 (22.1) | 0 |
| 3 | 3372 (16.6) | 3372 (16.6) | 0 |
| 4 | 2789 (13.7) | 2789 (13.7) | 0 |
| 5 (highest) | 2785 (13.7) | 2785 (13.7) | 0 |
| Rurality‡ | |||
| Urban | 19 550 (96.3) | 19 420 (95.6) | 0.03 |
| Rural | 754 (3.7) | 884 (4.4) | 0.03 |
| Comorbidity burden§ | |||
| No comorbid conditions | 0 (0.0) | 2405 (11.8) | 0.52 |
| Low | 7902 (38.9) | 10 191 (50.2) | 0.23 |
| Moderate | 4013 (19.8) | 1109 (5.5) | 0.44 |
| High | 8389 (41.3) | 6599 (32.5) | 0.18 |
| Resource Utilization Band¶ | |||
| 0 (lowest expected resource use)** | 1–5 | 2399–2403 | 0.52 |
| 1** | 1–5 | 1581–1585 | 0.41 |
| 2 | 16 (0.1) | 4356 (21.4) | 0.73 |
| 3 | 11 273 (55.5) | 9548 (47.0) | 0.17 |
| 4 | 6025 (29.7) | 2027 (10.0) | 0.51 |
| 5 (highest expected resource use) | 2985 (14.7) | 388 (1.9) | 0.48 |
| Immigration status duration†† | |||
| Long-term resident | 15 273 (75.2) | 15 273 (75.2) | 0 |
| Long-term immigrant | 1337 (6.6) | 2413 (11.9) | 0.18 |
| Recent immigrant to Canada | 2471 (12.2) | 2475 (12.2) | 0 |
| Immigrated after index date‡‡ | 1223 (6.0) | 143 (0.7) | 0.30 |
| Region of birth‡ | |||
| Canada | 15 273 (75.2) | 15 273 (75.2) | 0 |
| Outside Canada in country with low HIV infection prevalence | 2738 (13.5) | 2738 (13.5) | 0 |
| Outside Canada in country with high HIV infection prevalence§§ | 2293 (11.3) | 2293 (11.3) | 0 |
Note: IQR = interquartile range.
↵* Except where noted otherwise.
↵† A value greater than 0.1 was considered a meaningful difference.
↵‡ Matched on sex, birth year, year of cohort entry, census division (rurality), region of birth and neighbourhood income quintile.
↵§ Based on the type of illness in the 2 years preceding cohort entry, assessed with the Johns Hopkins Adjusted Clinical Group (ACG) system collapsed Aggregated Diagnosis Groups (ADGs). HIV infection is included as a comorbidity in the ADG algorithm.
↵¶ Expected use of health care resources was assessed with the Johns Hopkins ACG Resource Utilization Bands based on 6 categories, with 0 being no use and 5 being the highest expected use. Resources include those used owing to HIV infection.
↵** Range is shown to suppress a small cell count.
↵†† Categorized as long-term resident if Canadian born or immigrated before 1986, long-term immigrant if residing in Canada for 10 or more years, and recent immigrant to Canada if residing in Canada for less than 10 years.
↵‡‡ Date of entry into the study, defined as the earliest record of an HIV-related diagnostic code for people with HIV infection and used in the matching process as the same date (within 1 yr) for people without HIV infection.
↵§§ Regions of Africa and the Caribbean were considered regions with high HIV infection prevalence.