Clinical parameter inputs for the base-case scenario
| Parameter | Base case | Data source/reasoning |
|---|---|---|
| Prevalence of iron deficiency | ||
| General population | 12.1% | Hartfield 201021 (review of 10 studies) |
| At-risk population | 25.0% | Optimizing Early Child Development study13 data, Oatley et al., 201815 (n = 1735) |
| Proportion of children at risk in general population | 35.5% | Optimizing Early Child Development study13 data (≥ 2 risk factors*) |
| Probability of poor functional outcomes | ||
| Untreated | ||
| Due to iron deficiency | 23.5% | Lozoff et al., 20006 (longitudinal cohort study, n = 167) |
| Not due to iron deficiency | 9.5% | Idjradinata et al., 199312 (randomized controlled trial stratified by iron status; iron-deficiency anemia n = 50, nonanemic iron deficiency n = 29, iron sufficiency n = 47) |
| After iron supplementation treatment | ||
| Due to iron deficiency | 9.5% | Idjradinata et al.12 |
| Not due to iron deficiency | 9.5% | Idjradinata et al.12 |
| Screening test efficiency | ||
| Sensitivity | 58.6% | Guyatt et al.,199222 (review of 55 studies) |
| Specificity | 98.9% | Guyatt et al.22 |
| Utility parameter inputs | ||
| Utility of having iron supplementation treatment (utilityTreat) | 0.815 | Accounting for potential side effects (constipation) of receiving iron supplementation, NICE 201023 |
| Utility of living with poor functional outcomes (utilityPoorFunOut) | 0.84 | Assuming children will experience utility loss owing to cognitive impairment Bennett et al.,24 2000 (computer-based utility assessment interview, n = 94) Ekman et al.,25 2007 (cross-sectional study, n = 1800) |
Note: NICE = National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.
↵* Include younger age, longer breast-feeding duration, high body mass index z-score and drinking more than 500 mL of cow’s milk per day.